Stainless steel grades listed in the international. Handbook of comparative handbook world steel standards. Its popularity also means there are seemingly a million different types of stainless steel grades. Chromium forms a surface film of chromium oxide to make the stainless steel corrosion resistant. The other grades are developed to provide special corrosion resistance properties by adding molybdenum, chromium andor decreasing carbon content l grades. Similar to 410, it contains a minimum of 12% chromium, just sufficient enough to give corrosion resistant. As a general rule, stainless deserves consideration if your engineering project requires at least one of these qualities. Various types of steel are manufactured in relation to the needed properties for their application, and different grading systems are utilised to differentiate steels based on these properties. Reference is often made to stainless steel in the singular sense as if it were one material. As an integrated steelmaker, laxcon can supply several popular and exotic grades suited to customer specifications. Outokumpus focus is exclusively on stainless steel and high. Grade aisi 316 is the general purpose and widely used austenite steel.
Different types of steels pdfstainless steels, chemical. F amilies of stainless steel 9 10 medium and high crbased jfemh1 15cr1. According to the world steel association, there are more than 3,500 steel grades encompassing distinct chemical, environmental, and physical properties 2. New uses are being continuously found for the attractive appearance, low maintenance and strength of stainless steel. Stainless steel guide selecting proper stainless steel. The society of automotive engineers sae designates sae steel grades. It has been written primarily from a european perspective and may not fully reflect the practice in other regions. Steel grades, properties and global standards 1 outokumpu outokumpu is the worlds leading stainless steel producer.
The following summary explains some of the most commonly used steel grades grouped as nonstainless and stainless steels. Stainless steel in metallurgy, stainless steel, also known as inox steel or inox from french inoxydable, is defined as a steel alloy with a minimum of 10. Ferritic steels contain trace amounts of nickel, 1217% chromium, less than 0. Stainless steels introduction to grades, properties and. Although it was a disadvantage that martensitic stainless steel was difficult to process because of its hardness, our company repeatedly conducted research and product development, produced allstainless kitchen knives made by integrating handle and blade in 1983. Type 304 is the most versatile and widely used stainless steel. Austenitic stainless steels are classified in the 200 and 300 series, with 16% to 30% chromium and 2% to 20% nickel for enhanced surface quality, formability, increased corrosion and wear resistance. Stainless steel grades listed in the international standard iso 15510. While the old aisi three digit stainless steel numbering system e.
Only the 25% nickel grades have similar cscc resistance. These efforts were similar and overlapped significantly. The sae steel grades system is a standard alloy numbering system sae j1086 numbering metals and alloys for steel grades maintained by sae international in the 1930s and 1940s, the american iron and steel institute aisi and sae were both involved in efforts to standardize such a numbering system for steels. The stainless steel family a short description of the various grades of stainless steel and how they fit into distinct metallurgical families. Grade data, properties and applications are inlcuded for stainless steel. Different types of steels pdf applications, chemical composition, stainless steels, properties etcsteels are widely used materials in industry. Stainless steel properties, grades and price per kg. Stainless steel is corrosion resistant to certain extent depending on the grade and standard of the steel which correspond to the material make and composition of. Stainless steel properties and applications of grades. Excellent corrosion resistance and associated secondary properties. The following data sheets can be used as a reference to have better understanding about different stainless steel grades. There are three primary classifications within the highperformance stainless steels.
High strength medium carbon austenitic stainless steels have been developed through partial and total replacement of nickel by nitrogen. Three general classifications are used to identify stainless steels. Figure 1 provides a useful summary of some of the compositional and property linkages in the stainless steel family. Mechanical properties of nuts for different stainless steel grades in accordance with iso 35062. Stainless steel is the name for a family of corrosion resistant steels. Astms steel standards are instrumental in classifying, evaluating, and specifying the material, chemical, mechanical, and metallurgical properties of the different types of steels, which are primarily used in the production of mechanical components, industrial parts, and construction elements, as well as other accessories related to them. These are four digit numbers which represent chemical composition standards for steel specifications. Austenitic steels form the largest portion of the global stainless steel market and are often used in food processing equipment, kitchen utensils, and piping. These are the most popular of the stainless steels because of their ductility, ease of working and good corrosion resistance. Stainless steel is the term used to describe an extremely versatile family of. Standard martensitic grade for lowduty hardened applications. The distinction between 188 and 304305 is the small addition of carbon added to its makeup and the percentage of elements used in its creation. The term 188 is used interchangeable to characterize a series of different stainless steel grades, to include 304 and 305. This page has links to various data sheets of jindal stainless ltd.
This new edition takes into account advances in understanding in the structural behaviour. Grade 310 is a medium carbon austenitic stainless steel, for high temperature applications such as furnace parts and heat treatment equipment. Well known stainless steel as well, with very high corrosion resistance, it is usually reserved to very aggressive. It is a nonmartensite stainless steel and is therefore nonmagnetic in its properties in the annealed state. Vander voort and others published metallography and microstructures of stainless steels and maraging steels find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Alloy 254 smo is substantially stronger than the common austenitic grades, with strength nearly twice that of 300 series stainless steel. They are the alloys of iron, carbon and other elements such as silicon, phosphorus, sulphur and manganese.
Stainless steel grades magnetic non magnetic add carbon. Nonstainless steels while the obvious drawback of nonstainless carbon steel is that it rusts more readily than stainless steel, carbon steels can be differentially tempered to provide hardness and excellent, sharp edges. Stainless steel hexagon head bolts and nuts, socket cap screws of size m5 and greater and all packaging shall be marked with. Production of stainless steels with specific restrictions in certain types, the stainless steels can be shaped and fabricated in conventional ways. Stainless steel grades chart pdf types of stainless steel. It also increases the scaling resistance at elevated temperatures. Penn stainless inventory now includes alloy 420 uns s42000 in sheet, sheet coil, plate, round bar, processed flat bar and tubular products. Introduction to stainless steels asm international. Popular steel grades are readily available and most grades can be supplied within a short lead time. Stainless steel specifications, grades and properties. It has both excellent corrosion resistance and high strength. The greatest corrosion advantage for duplex stainless steels is their improved resistance to cscc when compared to the austenitic grades. Stainless steel is the universal name for a number of different steels used primarily for their anticorrosive element.
Handbook of comparative world steel standards preface this is the book i never wanted to write, but always wanted to own. Appendices printed november 2000 1 s9 chemical analysis % speci. It demonstrates outstanding resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion stress cracking, and corrosion fatigue uniform corrosion. Steel grades317lmn chemical information,mechanical properties physical properties, mechanical properties, heat treatment, and micro structure this page is mainly introduced the 317lmn datasheet, including chemical. Well known stainless steel grade, very close to the 201 grade but with lower mechanical properties. Physical properties, mechanical properties, heat treatment, and micro structure. Stainless steel grade chart atlas steels specialty steels product reference manual section 9. Available in three grades 440a, 440b, 440c more common and 440f free.
Alloy 420 is a hardenable, martensitic stainless steel that is a modification of alloy 410. It is still sometimes referred to by its old name 188 which is derived from the nominal composition of type 304. Their corrosion resistances are perfectly adapted for industrial doors application. Alloying elements following is a brief look at the alloying elements found in stainless steels and their functions. Supply all grades of stainless steels all grade steel. As a metallurgical engineer and long time user of steel standards, author of the four casti metals data books, and member of astm a01 and b02 standard committees, i knew all too well the many pitfalls and challenges of. Austenitic stainless steels are nonhardenable by heat treating. The group combines costefficient production with a global sales and distribution network and offers customers one of the broadest product ranges on the market.